A Measuring Instrument is a device for measuring(calculating/gauging/checking) a physical quantity. A dial gauge is a precision measurement commonly used to measure machined parts for production tolerances(resistance/strength/toughness) or wear(damage). A caliper is a device used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an object. A caliper can be as simple as a compass with inward or outward-facing points. A micrometer, occasionally known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device that integrates a calibrated screw extensively used for clear-cut measurements of components in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, including other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.